Chapter 10: Character (Charakter)
Introduction
When we talk about people, knowing how to describe their character and personality traits is just as important as describing their appearance. In German, expressing qualities like kindness, honesty, humor, or patience helps you connect on a deeper level, understand others better, and navigate social and professional situations smoothly.
Why is this important?
- To describe yourself or others beyond looks
- To express opinions about people’s behavior and attitudes
- To understand and use personality-related vocabulary in conversations, storytelling, and work contexts
- To build relationships with clear, respectful communication
Vocabulary
| German | English | Example Sentence (German) | Example Sentence (English) |
|---|---|---|---|
| freundlich | friendly | Sie ist sehr freundlich zu allen. | She is very friendly to everyone. |
| nett | nice, kind | Mein Kollege ist immer nett. | My colleague is always nice. |
| ehrlich | honest | Er ist ehrlich und zuverlässig. | He is honest and reliable. |
| zuverlässig | reliable | Du kannst dich auf sie verlassen, sie ist zuverlässig. | You can rely on her, she is reliable. |
| geduldig | patient | Kinder brauchen oft geduldige Lehrer. | Children often need patient teachers. |
| lustig | funny | Mein Bruder ist sehr lustig. | My brother is very funny. |
| fleißig | hardworking | Sie ist eine fleißige Studentin. | She is a hardworking student. |
| kreativ | creative | Er ist ein kreativer Künstler. | He is a creative artist. |
| schüchtern | shy | Sie ist schüchtern bei neuen Leuten. | She is shy with new people. |
| selbstbewusst | confident | Du solltest selbstbewusster sein. | You should be more confident. |
| ruhig | calm, quiet | Er ist sehr ruhig und gelassen. | He is very calm and composed. |
| sympathisch | likeable, nice | Sie wirkt sympathisch und offen. | She seems likeable and open. |
| arrogant | arrogant | Er wirkt manchmal arrogant. | Sometimes he seems arrogant. |
| egoistisch | selfish | Egoistische Menschen denken nur an sich. | Selfish people only think about themselves. |
| hilfsbereit | helpful | Unsere Nachbarin ist sehr hilfsbereit. | Our neighbor is very helpful. |
| verantwortungsbewusst | responsible | Sie ist verantwortungsbewusst im Job. | She is responsible at work. |
| offen | open-minded | Er ist offen für neue Ideen. | He is open to new ideas. |
| pessimistisch | pessimistic | Manchmal ist er pessimistisch. | Sometimes he is pessimistic. |
| optimistisch | optimistic | Sie bleibt immer optimistisch. | She always stays optimistic. |
| nett | kind | Sie hat eine nette Art. | She has a kind manner. |
Theory & Grammar
Adjectives Describing Character
Adjectives describing character behave grammatically the same way as other adjectives, changing endings depending on gender, number, case, and the presence of articles.
Examples:
- Er ist freundlich. (He is friendly.)
- Sie ist eine nette Person. (She is a nice person.)
- Die Schüler sind fleißig. (The students are hardworking.)
Using "sein" (to be) and "haben" (to have)
Personality traits usually take the verb sein:
- Sie ist geduldig. (She is patient.)
- Er ist selbstbewusst. (He is confident.)
Some expressions may use haben for certain traits (less common):
- Er hat viel Humor. (He has a lot of humor.)
Usage & Context
- Introductions and descriptions: Talking about yourself or others in casual and professional settings.
- Job interviews: Describing your personal strengths or weaknesses.
- Friendships and relationships: Explaining qualities you appreciate or dislike.
- Storytelling: Creating characters with distinct personalities.
Practical Examples
Dialogue 1: Talking about a colleague
Anna: Wie ist dein neuer Kollege?
Tom: Er ist sehr freundlich und hilfsbereit, aber manchmal ein bisschen schüchtern.
Dialogue 2: Self-description in an interview
Interviewer: Wie würden Sie sich selbst beschreiben?
Maria: Ich bin ehrlich, fleißig und offen für neue Herausforderungen.
Paragraph example:
Mein bester Freund ist sehr humorvoll und kreativ. Er hat immer neue Ideen und bringt mich oft zum Lachen. Manchmal ist er ein bisschen schüchtern, aber er ist sehr zuverlässig und hilfsbereit.
Exercises
1. Fill in the blanks:
- Sie _______ (to be) sehr freundlich.
- Er _______ (to be) nicht arrogant.
- Du solltest mehr _______ (self-confident) sein.
- Meine Schwester ist sehr _______ (helpful).
- Wir _______ (to be) optimistisch.
2. Translate into German:
- She is very patient and kind.
- He seems a little shy.
- We are hardworking and reliable.
- Are you confident in your skills?
- I have a good sense of humor.
3. Sentence building:
Using the words, build sentences:
- fleißig / ist / er
- hilfsbereit / sie / sehr / ist
- selbstbewusst / du / bist
- arrogant / ist / manchmal / er
Flashcards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How do you say "friendly" in German? | freundlich |
| Translate "She is shy." | Sie ist schüchtern. |
| What does "zuverlässig" mean? | reliable |
| How do you say "hardworking" in German? | fleißig |
| Translate "He is very confident." | Er ist sehr selbstbewusst. |
Workbook (Printable Summary)
Key Vocabulary: freundlich, nett, ehrlich, zuverlässig, geduldig, lustig, fleißig, kreativ, schüchtern, selbstbewusst, ruhig, sympathisch, arrogant, egoistisch, hilfsbereit, verantwortungsbewusst, offen, pessimistisch, optimistisch.
Grammar Points:
- Using sein with adjectives to describe personality
- Adjective endings with different articles
- Using haben for some expressions (e.g., Humor)
Practice Tasks:
- Write a paragraph describing your personality or someone you know.
- Translate simple personality descriptions between English and German.
- Role-play a job interview focusing on personality traits.
Multimedia Resources
- YouTube: German Vocabulary – Personality & Character Traits
- Podcast: "Deutsch – warum nicht?" Episode about describing people’s character
- Website: Goethe Institut – Character Descriptions
- App: Memrise – German adjectives and personality traits
Speaking Help
- Practice describing your own personality honestly and confidently.
- Role-play conversations where you describe others or answer questions about character traits.
- Use adjectives and phrases to express likes and dislikes about people’s behavior.
Cultural Notes
- Germans value honesty and directness but appreciate respectful communication.
- Talking about personality is common in both personal and professional settings.
- Avoid negative descriptions unless asked or necessary, and be polite when discussing others.
Review Section
Quiz:
- How do you say "patient" in German?
- What verb do you use to describe personality traits?
- Translate: He is funny and creative.
- What does "zuverlässig" mean?
- How do you say "self-confident" in German?
Key Takeaways:
- Personality vocabulary helps describe people beyond physical appearance.
- Use sein + adjective to describe character traits.
- Practice speaking about character to improve natural communication.
- Cultural sensitivity is important when describing people.