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Chapter 13: Materials

πŸ“– Materials – Materialien auf Deutsch​

Learning the vocabulary for materials in German is essential when describing objects, their texture, structure, and use. Whether you're talking about a wooden table, a plastic bottle, or a silk scarf, this chapter will help you expand your vocabulary and accurately describe everyday items.


πŸ“š German Vocabulary for Common Materials​

EnglishGermanExample in Sentence
Wooddas HolzDer Tisch ist aus Holz. – The table is made of wood.
Metaldas MetallDas Messer ist aus Metall. – The knife is made of metal.
Plasticder Kunststoff / das PlastikDie Flasche ist aus Plastik. – The bottle is made of plastic.
Glassdas GlasDas Fenster ist aus Glas. – The window is made of glass.
Stoneder SteinDie Statue ist aus Stein. – The statue is made of stone.
Paperdas PapierIch brauche ein Blatt Papier. – I need a sheet of paper.
Cottondie BaumwolleDas Hemd besteht aus Baumwolle. – The shirt is made of cotton.
Leatherdas LederDie Jacke ist aus echtem Leder. – The jacket is made of genuine leather.
Wooldie WolleDer Pullover ist aus Wolle. – The sweater is made of wool.
Silkdie SeideDer Schal ist aus Seide. – The scarf is made of silk.
Fabric/Textileder Stoff / das GewebeDer Vorhang ist aus Stoff. – The curtain is made of fabric.
Ceramicdie KeramikDie Vase ist aus Keramik. – The vase is made of ceramic.
Clayder TonDer Krug ist aus Ton gemacht. – The jug is made of clay.
Rubberder GummiDie Reifen sind aus Gummi. – The tires are made of rubber.
Concreteder BetonDas GebΓ€ude ist aus Beton gebaut. – The building is built of concrete.
Bronzedie BronzeDie Statue ist aus Bronze. – The statue is made of bronze.
Golddas GoldDer Ring ist aus Gold. – The ring is made of gold.
Silverdas SilberDie Kette ist aus Silber. – The necklace is made of silver.
Irondas EisenDas GelΓ€nder ist aus Eisen. – The railing is made of iron.
Steelder StahlDie BrΓΌcke besteht aus Stahl. – The bridge is made of steel.
Marbleder MarmorDer Boden ist aus Marmor. – The floor is made of marble.
Crystalder KristallDas Glas ist aus Kristall. – The glass is made of crystal.

πŸ› οΈ Grammar Tip: "aus" + Dative​

When talking about materials in German, we often use the preposition β€žausβ€œ followed by the dative case to indicate what something is made of.

  • Structure: etwas ist aus + Dative of Material

Examples:​

  • Das Fenster ist aus Glas. – The window is made of glass.
  • Die Tasche ist aus Leder. – The bag is made of leather.
  • Der Teppich ist aus Wolle. – The carpet is made of wool.

Useful Verbs​

EnglishGermanExample Sentence
to be made ofbestehen ausDie Jacke besteht aus Leder.
to useverwendenDer KΓΌnstler verwendet Ton fΓΌr die Figur.
to produceherstellenDie Fabrik stellt Plastikflaschen her.

Useful Adjectives​

EnglishGerman
durablehaltbar
recyclablerecycelbar
sustainablenachhaltig
heavyschwer
light (weight)leicht
transparentdurchsichtig
softweich
hardhart
shinyglΓ€nzend
roughrau

πŸ—£οΈ Example Sentences​

  • Dieses Sofa ist sehr bequem und besteht aus Stoff.

    • This sofa is very comfortable and made of fabric.
  • Ich trinke nicht gern aus Plastikbechern.

    • I don’t like drinking from plastic cups.
  • Die glΓ€nzende Vase ist aus Keramik.

    • The shiny vase is made of ceramic.
  • Diese recycelbare Flasche ist aus Kunststoff.

    • This recyclable bottle is made of plastic.

🧠 Practice Exercise​

Translate into German:

  1. The chair is made of wood.
  2. She bought a cotton dress.
  3. We are using clay for the project.
  4. The statue is made of bronze.
  5. Is the bottle made of glass?

βœ… Try these and I can check your answers!


βœ… Summary​

  • Use β€žausβ€œ + dative to say what something is made of.
  • Learn the material nouns and use them in everyday conversation.
  • Combine with adjectives and verbs for better fluency and natural expression.